Introducción de la rana toro Lithobates catesbeiana: Implicaciones para la biodiversidad ecuatoriana
Abstract
La diversidad de los anfibios en el mundo se ha visto seriamente amenazada en las tres últimas décadas. Entre las hipótesis sobre los factores causales están la pérdida del hábitat, sobreexplotación de recursos naturales, contaminación ambiental, incremento de la radiación ultra violeta, cambio climático, depredadores introducidos y enfermedades emergentes (Young et al. 2001; Collins y Storfer 2003). De éstas, la introducción de especies exóticas es la segunda causa de la pérdida de diversidad biológica, después de la destrucción del hábitat (Vitousek et al. 1997). En este sentido, las especies introducidas han sido relacionadas con la declinación de anfibios a nivel global, ya que perjudican a los anfibios nativos debido a la competencia por alimento, propagando enfermedades o depredándolos (Gillespie 2001, Kats y Ferrer 2003, Vredenburg 2004). Aunque los mecanismos por los cuales las especies invasoras causan las declinaciones han sido bien reportados, todavía el problema no ha sido remediado: parece ser imposible erradicar a las especies invasoras una vez que éstas se han establecido.Metrics
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