Shrub, herbaceous and epiphytic diversity of the montane forest of the natural reserves: Tapichalaca and Numbala, canton Palanda, province of Zamora Chinchipe
Keywords:
composición florística, conservación, diversidad, AndesAbstract
The conservation of understory species in the montane ecosystems of the southern Ecuador is still little studied, despite its importance for the generation of ecosystem services. For this reason, the floristic diversity of shrubs, herbs and epiphytes in these ecosystems was determined. Two permanent plots (PP) of one hectare were implemented in the Nature Reserves Tapichalaca (NRT) and Numbala (NRN), within these nine subplots of 25m2 and 1m2 were delimited to evaluate the shrubby and herbaceous stratum, respectively. To determine the differentiation in the floristic composition, a Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was performed and the three measures of Hill numbers of order q were calculated: species richness (q = 0), Shannon diversity (q = 1) and Simpson diversity (q = 2). We register 362 shrubs corresponding to 17 species, 12 genera and 10 families in the NRT, while in the NRN there are 171 shrubs of 20 species with 8 genera and 7 families. A greater number of herbs was determined in the RNN; the highest abundance of epiphytes was recorded in NRT. There is a difference in the floristic composition and undergrowth structure of the NRT and NRN, with a greater abundance of shrubs in NRT. The epiphytes Guzmania sibundoyorum, Tillandsia biflora and Anthurium dombeyanum were the most abundant in NRT and NRN. The results show the diversity of the undergrowth in montane forests that help maintain the microclimate and guarantee the conservation of biodiversity.Metrics
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