Risk factors associated with decreased visual acuity in schoolchildren: case study in the city of Loja, Ecuador
Keywords:
Visual acuity, Risk factors, Schoolchildren, Visual healthAbstract
Visual disturbances not detected in childhood are frequent in preschoolers and schoolchildren worldwide, which limits the adequate development of children and have an impact on school performance. The objective of this study is to know the factors associated with the decrease in visual acuity. For this purpose, a sample of 183 students from the Adolfo Valarezo school in the city Loja was selected. The Snellen chart was used to assess visual acuity; additionally, in order to gather information on the factors that influence visual acuity levels, a questionnaire was applied to the students’ parents. The results of measurements indicated that 24% of students present decreased visual acuity, of these the most affected age is at 11 years and predominates in male students. According to the odds ratio (OR) association coefficient and using a level of significance p=0.05, the factors significantly associated with the decrease in visual acuity are: family history of lens use (OR=17,71); previous eye infections (OR=6,14), premature birth (OR=2,65); previous eye trauma (OR=2,16); exposure time in front of television (OR=2,23); and exposure time in front of computer(OR=2,30). The results of this study allow to know the groups most affected by poor visual health and establish corrective actions at an early age aimed at improving the quality of life of scholars.Metrics
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