Human capital and inequality: a cointegration analysis for Ecuador

Article Sidebar

PDF (Español (España))
Published: mar. 18, 2021
Keywords:
Inequality, Human Capital, Cointegration

Main Article Content

David Lojan
Universidad Nacional de Loja
Priscila Méndez
Universidad Nacional de Loja

Abstract

The objective of this paper is to examine the relationship between human capital and inequalityin Ecuador in the period 1980-2015 using cointegration techniques. The resultsshowthe existence of a short and long run relationship between inequality and human capitalin the period analyzed, in addition to the existence of unidirectional causality from inequalityto human capital. The results are consistent with the theoretical framework used,and suggest the need to incorporate policies and programs that seek to reduce inequalitythrough educational expansion, which is an important factor in reducing educationalinequality and, therefore, income inequality.

Article Details

How to Cite
Lojan, D., & Méndez, P. (2021). Human capital and inequality: a cointegration analysis for Ecuador. Revista Económica, 8(2), 86–91. Retrieved from https://revistas.unl.edu.ec/index.php/economica/article/view/914
Issue
Vol. 8 No. 2 (2020): Revista Económica (Julio-Diciembre 2020)
Section
RESEARCH ARTICLES
Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Esta obra está sujeta a la licencia Reconocimiento-NoComercial-SinObraDerivada 4.0 Internacional de Creative
Commons. Para ver una copia de esta licencia, visite http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/.

References

Abramovitz, M. (1956). Resource and Output Trends in the

United States since 1870.” National Bureau of Economic Research,

Vol. Ocasional Paper 52, pp. 5-22

Akaike, H. (1974). A new look at the statistical model identi-

cation. EEE Transactions on Automatic Control, 19(6), 716-723

Afonso, O., & Gil, P. M. (2013). Eects of North-South trade

on wage inequality and on human-capital accumulation. Economic

Modelling, 35, 481–492.

Baten, J., & Juif, D. (2014). A story of large landowners and

math skills: Inequality and human capital formation in longrun

development, 1820-2000. Journal of Comparative Economics,

(2), 375–401

Bumann, S., & Lensink, R. (2016). Capital account liberalization

and income inequality. Journal of InternationalMoney and

Finance, 61, 143–162.

Chakraborty, B., & Gupta, M. R. (2009). Human capital, inequality,

endogenous growth and educational subsidy: A theoretical

analysis. Research in Economics, 63(2), 77–90.

Cuellar, C. M. (2013). El efecto de la desigualdad y el acceso

al crédito sobre la acumulación de capital humano. Ensayos

Sobre Política Económica, 31(72), 18–34.

D’Agata, A. (2007). Endogenizing Sen’s capabilities: An

adaptive dynamic analysis. Journal of Socio-Economics, 36(2),

–190.

Dahlum, S., & Knutsen, C. H. (2017). Do Democracies Provide

Better Education? Revisiting the Democracy–Human Capital

Link. World Development, 94, 186–199.

Fitzsimmons, T. W., & Callan, V. J. (2016). Applying a capital

perspective to explain continued gender inequality in the Csuite.

Leadership Quarterly, 27(3), 354–370.

Fleisher, B., Li, H., & Zhao, M. Q. (2010). Human capital, economic

growth, and regional inequality in China. Journal of Development

Economics, 92(2), 215–231.

Gachet, I., Grijalva, D. F., Ponce, P. A., & Rodríguez, D. (2019).

Vertical and horizontal inequality in Ecuador: The lack of sustainability.

Social Indicators Research, 145(3), 861-900.

Gasparini, L., Cruces, G., & Tornarolli, L. (2016). Cronica de

una desaceleracion anunciada la desigualdad de ingresos en

America Latina en la decada de 2010. Revista de Economía

Mundial, (43), 25-46.

Marimon, R., & Quadrini, V. (2011). Competition, human capital

and income inequality with limited commitment. Journal

of Economic Theory, 146(3), 976–1008.

McCracken, M., McIvor, R., Treacy, R., & Wall, T. (2017). A

study of human capital reporting in the United Kingdom. Accounting

Forum, (April), 0–1.

Sanz, R., Peris, J. A., & Escámez, J. (2017). Higher education in

the ght against poverty from the capabilities approach: The

case of Spain. Journal of Innovation Knowledge, 2(2), 53–66.

Signorelli, M. (2016). Human capital investment and inequality

of opportunities in China. China Economic Review, 38, A1.

SIISE. (2016). Desigualdad y Pobreza. Consultas Temáticas.

http://www.siise.gob.ec/siiseweb/siiseweb.html?sistema=1

Székely, M., & Mendoza, P. (2015). Is the decline in inequality

in Latin America here to stay?. Journal of Human Development

and Capabilities, 16(3), 397-419.

Urquijo Angarita, M. J. (2014). La teoría de las capacidades

en Amartya Sen. Edetania: Estudios Y Propuestas Socio-

Educativas, ISSN 0214-8560, No. 46, 2014, Pàg. 63-80, (46),

–80.

Walker, M. (2012). A capital or capabilities education narrative

in a world of staggering inequalities? International Journal

of Educational Development, 32(3), 384–393.

Zhang, J. (2005). Income ranking and convergence with physical

and human capital and income inequality. Journal of Economic

Dynamics and Control, 29(3), 547–566.

Zhao, D., Wu, T., & He, Q. (2017). Consumption inequality

and its evolution in urban China. China Economic Review,

(September), 208–228.